Power cables are one of the essential materials for transmitting electric energy and are widely used in economic production.
Among them, there are various ways of laying the cable alone, and this article ZMS cable team will take you to understand several ways of laying the cable.
There are several ways of laying cables: direct burial, pipe laying, shallow groove laying, cable trench laying, cable tunnel laying, overhead laying, and so on.
These ways have their advantages and disadvantages, the choice of which laying generally takes into account urban development planning, the density of existing buildings' cable line length laying number, and the impact of its surrounding
environment.
From a technical comparison, cable tunneling and cable trench laying way to facilitate the cable's construction, maintenance, and maintenance.
In some developed countries, urban planning and the construction, of public tunnels are also considered.
In recent years, the practice has proved that public tunnels work well, greatly reducing the number of repeated investments and repeated excavation of the road surface, but the initial investment is huge, and construction materials cost money.
However, due to various factors, this laying method of the public tunnel is rarely used in some countries.
In contrast, direct burial and shallow trenches are economic laying methods.
Direct buried cable is the most economical and widely used electric laying method, it is used in the suburbs and less frequent vehicle traffic, but is not conducive to cable maintenance and maintenance.
Because once the cable fails, even if the use of testers to measure the point of failure, but also to re-excavate the cable trench, is extremely inconvenient.
Therefore, the choice of cable laying method, combined with the actual situation, according to the engineering conditions, environmental characteristics, cable type, and number of factors, with a developmental perspective, by the
requirements to meet the operational reliability, ease of maintenance, and technical and economic rational principles to determine.
According to the function and usage, the cables can be divided into power cables, control cables, communication cables, etc.
According to the voltage, they can be divided into 500V, 1000V, 6000V, 10000V, and higher voltage power cables.
The laying method of laying the cable directly underground is called buried laying.
The buried cable must use armored and anti-corrosion layer protection cable, bare cable is not allowed to lay buried.
General cable trench depth of no more than 0.9m, buried laying also needs to lay sand and cover the brick or protection plate on top.
The procedure for laying cables in burial is as follows:
Measuring and drawing lines - Excavating cable trenches - Laying sand - Laying cables - Covering sand - Covering bricks or protection plates - Backfilling soil - Setting stakes.
The cable is laid along the bracket generally in the workshop, plant, and cable trench, and the cable is fixed with a card on the installed bracket.
The horizontal distance between the power cable brackets is 1m, and the control cable is 0.8m.
Power cables and control cables can generally be laid in the same trench, and the cables are generally laid vertically for the card, with a card distance of 1.5m for power cables and 1.8m for control cables.
The protection tube will be pre-played, and then the cable will be threaded into the tube, and the inner diameter of the pipe should not be less than 1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable.
Generally use steel pipe as the protection pipe, single-core cable is not allowed to wear steel pipe laying.
A cable bridge is a kind of frame for erecting cables, through which cables are sent from the distribution room or control room to power-using equipment.
The advantages of cable bridges are factory and series production, easy quality control, easy installation, and neat and beautiful cable bridges and brackets after installation.
It is composed of trays, straight sections of ladder frames, bend-throughs, accessories, support hangers, etc. It is the general name of the continuous rigid structural system used to support cables.
When laying cables in areas with more outgoing cables or more parallel installations (such as 20~40 or more) in power plants or substations, cable tunnels should be considered.
Although the construction of cable tunnels is a large investment, long construction period, expensive construction materials, and brings many problems such as ventilation, fire prevention, water leakage prevention, etc., it also has the following
advantages:
1 Greatly reduce the section or corridor occupied by the cable line.
2 Reduces external damage and mechanical damage to the cable.
3 Eliminates the chemical corrosion of the protective layer by harmful substances in the soil.
4 Repair or replacement of cables is quick and easy.
5 New cables can be added at any time without the need to excavate the road.
Actually, it can also be understood as bridge laying.
Due to the development of plastic and aluminum cables in recent years, the weight of cables has been reduced and the suspension of cables on suspension cables or fixed on towers is gradually applied.
Compared with cables buried underground, overhead cables are susceptible to external influences and are unsightly, but construction costs are greatly reduced.
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